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<title>ring::error::Unspecified - Rust</title>
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<p class='location'>Struct Unspecified</p><div class="block items"><ul><li><a href="#implementations">Trait Implementations</a></li></ul></div><p class='location'><a href='../index.html'>ring</a>::<wbr><a href='index.html'>error</a></p><script>window.sidebarCurrent = {name: 'Unspecified', ty: 'struct', relpath: ''};</script><script defer src="sidebar-items.js"></script>
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<h1 class='fqn'><span class='in-band'>Struct <a href='../index.html'>ring</a>::<wbr><a href='index.html'>error</a>::<wbr><a class="struct" href=''>Unspecified</a></span><span class='out-of-band'><span id='render-detail'>
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<a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">
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[<span class='inner'>−</span>]
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</span><a class='srclink' href='../../src/ring/error.rs.html#84' title='goto source code'>[src]</a></span></h1>
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<pre class='rust struct'>pub struct Unspecified;</pre><div class='docblock'><p>An error with absolutely no details.</p>
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<p><em>ring</em> uses this unit type as the error type in most of its results
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because (a) usually the specific reasons for a failure are obvious or are
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not useful to know, and/or (b) providing more details about a failure might
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provide a dangerous side channel, and/or (c) it greatly simplifies the
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error handling logic.</p>
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<p><code>Result<T, ring::error::Unspecified></code> is mostly equivalent to
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<code>Result<T, ()></code>. However, <code>ring::error::Unspecified</code> implements
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<a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/error/trait.Error.html"><code>std::error::Error</code></a> and users of <em>ring</em> can implement
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<code>From<ring::error::Unspecified></code> to map this to their own error types, as
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described in <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/error-handling.html#the-from-trait">“Error Handling” in the Rust Book</a>:</p>
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<pre class="rust rust-example-rendered">
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<span class="kw">extern</span> <span class="kw">crate</span> <span class="ident">ring</span>;
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<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">ring</span>::<span class="ident">rand</span>;
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<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">ring</span>::<span class="ident">rand</span>::<span class="ident">SecureRandom</span>;
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<span class="kw">enum</span> <span class="ident">Error</span> {
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<span class="ident">CryptoError</span>,
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<span class="ident">IOError</span>(<span class="ident">std</span>::<span class="ident">io</span>::<span class="ident">Error</span>),
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<span class="comment">// [...]</span>
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}
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<span class="kw">impl</span> <span class="ident">From</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">ring</span>::<span class="ident">error</span>::<span class="ident">Unspecified</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">Error</span> {
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<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">from</span>(_: <span class="ident">ring</span>::<span class="ident">error</span>::<span class="ident">Unspecified</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="self">Self</span> { <span class="ident">Error</span>::<span class="ident">CryptoError</span> }
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}
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<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">eight_random_bytes</span>() <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span><span class="op"><</span>[<span class="ident">u8</span>; <span class="number">8</span>], <span class="ident">Error</span><span class="op">></span> {
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<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">rng</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">rand</span>::<span class="ident">SystemRandom</span>::<span class="ident">new</span>();
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<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">bytes</span> <span class="op">=</span> [<span class="number">0</span>; <span class="number">8</span>];
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<span class="comment">// The `From<ring::error::Unspecified>` implementation above makes this</span>
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<span class="comment">// equivalent to</span>
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<span class="comment">// `rng.fill(&mut bytes).map_err(|_| Error::CryptoError)?`.</span>
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<span class="ident">rng</span>.<span class="ident">fill</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">bytes</span>)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
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<span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(<span class="ident">bytes</span>)
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}
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</pre>
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<p>Experience with using and implementing other crypto libraries like has
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shown that sophisticated error reporting facilities often cause significant
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bugs themselves, both within the crypto library and within users of the
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crypto library. This approach attempts to minimize complexity in the hopes
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of avoiding such problems. In some cases, this approach may be too extreme,
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and it may be important for an operation to provide some details about the
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cause of a failure. Users of <em>ring</em> are encouraged to report such cases so
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that they can be addressed individually.</p>
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</div><h2 id='implementations'>Trait Implementations</h2><h3 class='impl'><span class='in-band'><code>impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/clone/trait.Clone.html" title="trait core::clone::Clone">Clone</a> for <a class="struct" href="../../ring/error/struct.Unspecified.html" title="struct ring::error::Unspecified">Unspecified</a></code></span><span class='out-of-band'><div class='ghost'></div><a class='srclink' href='../../src/ring/error.rs.html#83' title='goto source code'>[src]</a></span></h3>
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<div class='impl-items'><h4 id='method.clone' class="method"><span id='clone.v' class='invisible'><code>fn <a href='https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/clone/trait.Clone.html#tymethod.clone' class='fnname'>clone</a>(&self) -> <a class="struct" href="../../ring/error/struct.Unspecified.html" title="struct ring::error::Unspecified">Unspecified</a></code></span></h4>
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<div class='docblock'><p>Returns a copy of the value. <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/clone/trait.Clone.html#tymethod.clone">Read more</a></p>
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</div><h4 id='method.clone_from' class="method"><span id='clone_from.v' class='invisible'><code>fn <a href='https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/clone/trait.Clone.html#method.clone_from' class='fnname'>clone_from</a>(&mut self, source: &Self)</code><div class='since' title='Stable since Rust version 1.0.0'>1.0.0</div></span></h4>
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<div class='docblock'><p>Performs copy-assignment from <code>source</code>. <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/clone/trait.Clone.html#method.clone_from">Read more</a></p>
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</div></div><h3 class='impl'><span class='in-band'><code>impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/marker/trait.Copy.html" title="trait core::marker::Copy">Copy</a> for <a class="struct" href="../../ring/error/struct.Unspecified.html" title="struct ring::error::Unspecified">Unspecified</a></code></span><span class='out-of-band'><div class='ghost'></div><a class='srclink' href='../../src/ring/error.rs.html#83' title='goto source code'>[src]</a></span></h3>
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<div class='impl-items'></div><h3 class='impl'><span class='in-band'><code>impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/trait.Debug.html" title="trait core::fmt::Debug">Debug</a> for <a class="struct" href="../../ring/error/struct.Unspecified.html" title="struct ring::error::Unspecified">Unspecified</a></code></span><span class='out-of-band'><div class='ghost'></div><a class='srclink' href='../../src/ring/error.rs.html#83' title='goto source code'>[src]</a></span></h3>
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<div class='impl-items'><h4 id='method.fmt' class="method"><span id='fmt.v' class='invisible'><code>fn <a href='https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/trait.Debug.html#tymethod.fmt' class='fnname'>fmt</a>(&self, __arg_0: &mut <a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/struct.Formatter.html" title="struct core::fmt::Formatter">Formatter</a>) -> <a class="type" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/type.Result.html" title="type core::fmt::Result">Result</a></code></span></h4>
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<div class='docblock'><p>Formats the value using the given formatter.</p>
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</div></div><h3 class='impl'><span class='in-band'><code>impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/cmp/trait.PartialEq.html" title="trait core::cmp::PartialEq">PartialEq</a> for <a class="struct" href="../../ring/error/struct.Unspecified.html" title="struct ring::error::Unspecified">Unspecified</a></code></span><span class='out-of-band'><div class='ghost'></div><a class='srclink' href='../../src/ring/error.rs.html#83' title='goto source code'>[src]</a></span></h3>
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<div class='impl-items'><h4 id='method.eq' class="method"><span id='eq.v' class='invisible'><code>fn <a href='https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/cmp/trait.PartialEq.html#tymethod.eq' class='fnname'>eq</a>(&self, __arg_0: &<a class="struct" href="../../ring/error/struct.Unspecified.html" title="struct ring::error::Unspecified">Unspecified</a>) -> <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.bool.html">bool</a></code></span></h4>
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<div class='docblock'><p>This method tests for <code>self</code> and <code>other</code> values to be equal, and is used by <code>==</code>. <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/cmp/trait.PartialEq.html#tymethod.eq">Read more</a></p>
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</div><h4 id='method.ne' class="method"><span id='ne.v' class='invisible'><code>fn <a href='https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/cmp/trait.PartialEq.html#method.ne' class='fnname'>ne</a>(&self, other: &Rhs) -> <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.bool.html">bool</a></code><div class='since' title='Stable since Rust version 1.0.0'>1.0.0</div></span></h4>
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<div class='docblock'><p>This method tests for <code>!=</code>.</p>
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</div></div><h3 class='impl'><span class='in-band'><code>impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/trait.Display.html" title="trait core::fmt::Display">Display</a> for <a class="struct" href="../../ring/error/struct.Unspecified.html" title="struct ring::error::Unspecified">Unspecified</a></code></span><span class='out-of-band'><div class='ghost'></div><a class='srclink' href='../../src/ring/error.rs.html#87-91' title='goto source code'>[src]</a></span></h3>
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<div class='impl-items'><h4 id='method.fmt-1' class="method"><span id='fmt.v-1' class='invisible'><code>fn <a href='https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/trait.Display.html#tymethod.fmt' class='fnname'>fmt</a>(&self, f: &mut <a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/struct.Formatter.html" title="struct core::fmt::Formatter">Formatter</a>) -> <a class="type" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/type.Result.html" title="type core::fmt::Result">Result</a></code></span></h4>
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<div class='docblock'><p>Formats the value using the given formatter. <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/fmt/trait.Display.html#tymethod.fmt">Read more</a></p>
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</div></div><h3 class='impl'><span class='in-band'><code>impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/error/trait.Error.html" title="trait std::error::Error">Error</a> for <a class="struct" href="../../ring/error/struct.Unspecified.html" title="struct ring::error::Unspecified">Unspecified</a></code></span><span class='out-of-band'><div class='ghost'></div><a class='srclink' href='../../src/ring/error.rs.html#94-100' title='goto source code'>[src]</a></span></h3>
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<div class='impl-items'><h4 id='method.cause' class="method"><span id='cause.v' class='invisible'><code>fn <a href='https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/error/trait.Error.html#method.cause' class='fnname'>cause</a>(&self) -> <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/option/enum.Option.html" title="enum core::option::Option">Option</a><&<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/error/trait.Error.html" title="trait std::error::Error">Error</a>></code></span></h4>
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<div class='docblock'><p>The lower-level cause of this error, if any. <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/error/trait.Error.html#method.cause">Read more</a></p>
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</div><h4 id='method.description' class="method"><span id='description.v' class='invisible'><code>fn <a href='https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/error/trait.Error.html#tymethod.description' class='fnname'>description</a>(&self) -> &<a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.str.html">str</a></code></span></h4>
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<div class='docblock'><p>A short description of the error. <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/error/trait.Error.html#tymethod.description">Read more</a></p>
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</div></div><h3 class='impl'><span class='in-band'><code>impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.From.html" title="trait core::convert::From">From</a><<a class="struct" href="../../untrusted/struct.EndOfInput.html" title="struct untrusted::EndOfInput">EndOfInput</a>> for <a class="struct" href="../../ring/error/struct.Unspecified.html" title="struct ring::error::Unspecified">Unspecified</a></code></span><span class='out-of-band'><div class='ghost'></div><a class='srclink' href='../../src/ring/error.rs.html#102-104' title='goto source code'>[src]</a></span></h3>
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<div class='impl-items'><h4 id='method.from' class="method"><span id='from.v' class='invisible'><code>fn <a href='https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.From.html#tymethod.from' class='fnname'>from</a>(_: <a class="struct" href="../../untrusted/struct.EndOfInput.html" title="struct untrusted::EndOfInput">EndOfInput</a>) -> Self</code></span></h4>
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<div class='docblock'><p>Performs the conversion.</p>
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